Archive

Archive

Prevention-Circumcision: Male circumcision and risk of male-to-female HIV-1 transmission: a multinational prospective

Male circumcision reduces female-to-male HIV-1 transmission risk by approximately 60%. Data assessing the effect of circumcision on male-to-female HIV-1 transmission are conflicting, with one observational study among HIV-1-serodiscordant couples showing reduced transmission but a randomized trial suggesting no short-term benefit of circumcision.

13/02/2010

Rwanda / Prevention: Breastfeeding with maternal antiretroviral therapy or formula feeding to prevent HIV postnatal mother-to-child transmission in Rwanda.

The aim of the study was to assess the 9-month HIV-free survival of children with two strategies to prevent HIV mother-to-child transmission in a nonrandomized interventional cohort study.

09/12/2009

Zambia / Treatment: Antiretroviral therapy in antenatal care to increase treatment initiation in HIV-infected pregnant women: a stepped-wedge evaluation

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether providing antiretroviral therapy (ART) integrated in antenatal care clinics resulted in a greater proportion of treatment-eligible women initiating antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy compared with the existing approach of referral to antiretroviral therapy.

09/12/2009

Tanzania / Prevention: Microbicides Development Programme: Engaging the community in the standard of care debate in a vaginal microbicide trial in Mwanza, Tanzania.

HIV prevention research in resource-limited countries is associated with a variety of ethical dilemmas. Key amongst these is the question of what constitutes an appropriate standard of health care for participants in HIV prevention trials. This paper describes a community-focused approach to develop a locally-appropriate standard of health care in the context of a phase III vaginal microbicide trial in Mwanza City, northwest Tanzania.

09/12/2009

Tanzania / Prevention: Comparing couples’ and individual voluntary counseling and testing for HIV at antenatal clinics in Tanzania: A Randomized Trial.

This study aimed to determine the acceptance and effectiveness of couples voluntary counselling and testing as compared to individual voluntary counselling and testing. 1,521 women attending three antenatal clinics in Dar es Salaam were randomized to receive individual voluntary counseling during that visit or couples voluntary counselling with their husbands at a subsequent visit.

09/12/2009